"A thing rendering such unlimited services is, for instance, the knowledge of the causal relation implied. The formula, the recipe that teaches us how to prepare coffee, provided it is known, renders unlimited services. It does not lose anything from its capacity to produce however often it is used; its productive power is inexhaustible; it is therefore not an economic good. Acting man is never faced with a situation in which he must choose been the use-value (a.k.a. praxeology definition of utility) of a known formula and any other useful thing."-- Human Action (P.128)Since property has to be scarce, it is by definition an economic good. Since property is under the category of economic good, and the quoted logic shows that a thing rendering unlimited services is not an economic good, prove to me that knowledge of causality is not such a thing that can render unlimited services without exhausting itself. A patent is merely the knowledge of causality, or have I over-simplified the category of patents?