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<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/utility/FeedStylesheets/rss.xsl" media="screen"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/" xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/"><channel><title>Economics Questions</title><link>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/5.aspx</link><description /><dc:language>en</dc:language><generator>CommunityServer 2008.5 SP2 (Build: 40407.4157)</generator><item><title>Re: Bibliography on Fractional Reserve Banking</title><link>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/339791.aspx</link><pubDate>Fri, 11 Jun 2010 18:43:26 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">944abf2b-d1be-4bf2-990d-438cb0e377e9:339791</guid><dc:creator>Peter Sidor</dc:creator><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><comments>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/339791.aspx</comments><wfw:commentRss>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/commentrss.aspx?SectionID=5&amp;PostID=339791</wfw:commentRss><description>&lt;p&gt;
	Rothbard in the &lt;a href="http://mises.org/books/fed.pdf"&gt;Case Against the Fed&lt;/a&gt; (among other places) analyses the legal precedents that have legalized FRB. While it is declared to be legal, he points out that if you&amp;#39;d try the same process with grain warehoused in a grain elevator, it would be fraud. :)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="clear:both;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: Bibliography on Fractional Reserve Banking</title><link>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/339783.aspx</link><pubDate>Fri, 11 Jun 2010 17:50:21 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">944abf2b-d1be-4bf2-990d-438cb0e377e9:339783</guid><dc:creator>Sukrit</dc:creator><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><comments>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/339783.aspx</comments><wfw:commentRss>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/commentrss.aspx?SectionID=5&amp;PostID=339783</wfw:commentRss><description>&lt;p&gt;
	Has anyone analyzed whether fractional reserve banking is fraud from the point of view of mainstream contract law?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="clear:both;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: Bibliography on Fractional Reserve Banking</title><link>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/252182.aspx</link><pubDate>Mon, 14 Sep 2009 23:27:11 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">944abf2b-d1be-4bf2-990d-438cb0e377e9:252182</guid><dc:creator>Peter Sidor</dc:creator><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><comments>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/252182.aspx</comments><wfw:commentRss>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/commentrss.aspx?SectionID=5&amp;PostID=252182</wfw:commentRss><description>&lt;p&gt;Excellent list!&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp; Two more things may be updated:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;de Soto, Jes&amp;uacute;s Huerta. 1995. &amp;quot;&lt;a href="http://mises.org/journals/rae/pdf/RAE8_2_2.pdf"&gt;A Critical Analysis of Central Banks and Fractional-Reserve Free Banking from the Austrian Perspective&lt;/a&gt;,&amp;quot; Review of Austrian Economics, 8(2), pp. 25-38.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;de Soto, Jesus Huerta. 2001. &amp;quot;&lt;a href="http://mises.org/journals/qjae/pdf/qjae1_4_2.pdf"&gt;A Critical Note on Fractional Reserve Free Banking&lt;/a&gt;,&amp;quot; The Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics, Vol. 1, No. 4, Fall, pp. 34-35&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;(By the way, does any of these works contain a solid, compact, history of the Federal Reserve?)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="clear:both;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: Bibliography on Fractional Reserve Banking</title><link>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/143062.aspx</link><pubDate>Thu, 07 May 2009 03:05:17 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">944abf2b-d1be-4bf2-990d-438cb0e377e9:143062</guid><dc:creator>Sage</dc:creator><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><comments>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/143062.aspx</comments><wfw:commentRss>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/commentrss.aspx?SectionID=5&amp;PostID=143062</wfw:commentRss><description>&lt;p&gt;Pascal Salin also has a couple of articles to add to the pro-frb side:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a target="_blank" title="In Defense of Fractional Monetary Reserves" href="http://mises.org/journals/scholar/salin.pdf" id="b:8x"&gt;In Defense of Fractional Monetary Reserves&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a target="_blank" title="Free Banking and Fractional Reserves: A Comment" href="http://www.qjae.org/journals/qjae/pdf/Qjae37.pdf" id="jt23"&gt;Free Banking and Fractional Reserves: A Comment&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="clear:both;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: Bibliography on Fractional Reserve Banking</title><link>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/139629.aspx</link><pubDate>Sun, 03 May 2009 16:42:06 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">944abf2b-d1be-4bf2-990d-438cb0e377e9:139629</guid><dc:creator>Jonathan M. F. Catalán</dc:creator><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><comments>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/139629.aspx</comments><wfw:commentRss>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/commentrss.aspx?SectionID=5&amp;PostID=139629</wfw:commentRss><description>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;What about de Soto&amp;#39;s most important work on fractional reserve banking, &lt;i&gt;Money, Bank Credit and Economic Cycles&lt;/i&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="clear:both;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: Bibliography on Fractional Reserve Banking</title><link>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/139587.aspx</link><pubDate>Sun, 03 May 2009 15:29:28 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">944abf2b-d1be-4bf2-990d-438cb0e377e9:139587</guid><dc:creator>Austroglide</dc:creator><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><comments>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/139587.aspx</comments><wfw:commentRss>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/commentrss.aspx?SectionID=5&amp;PostID=139587</wfw:commentRss><description>&lt;p&gt;Very nice work.&amp;nbsp; Thank you, Mr. Block.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="clear:both;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: Bibliography on Fractional Reserve Banking</title><link>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/139207.aspx</link><pubDate>Sun, 03 May 2009 05:38:41 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">944abf2b-d1be-4bf2-990d-438cb0e377e9:139207</guid><dc:creator>Josiah Schmidt</dc:creator><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><comments>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/139207.aspx</comments><wfw:commentRss>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/commentrss.aspx?SectionID=5&amp;PostID=139207</wfw:commentRss><description>&lt;p&gt;Jeffrey, here it is reformatted to look all nice and pretty, if you want to copy and paste this back into your original post:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;From Walter Block (if someone wants to reformat and post, great) &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Fractional Reserve Banking::&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;I. Anti Fractional reserve banking frb::&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Barnett and Block, 2005, 2008; Block, 2008; Block and Caplan, 2008; Block and Garschina, 1996; Block and Humphries, 2008; Block and Posner, 2008; Davidson, 2008; Hoppe, et. al. 1998; Hoppe, 1994; Hulsmann, 2000, 2002a, 2002b, 2003; Rothbard, 1962; de Soto, 1995, 2001&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Barnett, William II and Walter Block. 2005. &amp;ldquo;In defense of fiduciary media&amp;mdash; a comment; or, what&amp;rsquo;s wrong with &amp;ldquo;clown&amp;rdquo; or play money?&amp;rdquo; Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics; Vol. 8, No. 2, Summer, pp. 55-69; &lt;a href="http://mises.org/journals/qjae/pdf/qjae8_2_4.pdf"&gt;http://mises.org/journals/qjae/pdf/qjae8_2_4.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Barnett, William and Walter Block. 2008. &amp;ldquo;Time deposits, dimensions and fraud,&amp;rdquo; Journal of Business Ethics; &lt;a href="http://www.walterblock.com/publications"&gt;www.WalterBlock.com/publications&lt;/a&gt; (this one is more radical, in that is characterizes even some time deposit practices, not merely demand deposit practices, as fraudulent)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Block, Walter and Bryan Caplan. 2008. &amp;ldquo;Walter Block versus Bryan Caplan on Fractional Reserve Banking.&amp;rdquo; Nov 1; &lt;a href="http://www.lewrockwell.com/block/block110.html"&gt;http://www.lewrockwell.com/block/block110.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Block, Walter and Garschina, Kenneth M. 1996. &amp;quot;Hayek, Business Cycles and Fractional Reserve Banking: Continuing the De-Homoginization Process,&amp;quot; Review of Austrian Economics, Vol. 9, No. 1, 1995, pp. 77-94; &lt;a href="http://www.mises.org/journals/rae/pdf/rae9_1_3.pdf"&gt;http://www.mises.org/journals/rae/pdf/rae9_1_3.pdf&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Block, Walter. 2008. &amp;ldquo;Is Fractional Reserve Banking Fraudulent?, rejoinder to Eric Posner,&amp;rdquo; November 6; &lt;a href="http://www.lewrockwell.com/block/block111.html"&gt;http://www.lewrockwell.com/block/block111.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Block, Walter. 2008. &amp;ldquo;Posner vs. Block on fractional reserve banking.&amp;rdquo; November, 29;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.lewrockwell.com/block/block114.html"&gt;http://www.lewrockwell.com/block/block114.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Block, Walter and John Humphries. 2008. &amp;ldquo;Humphries vs Block on fractional reserve banking.&amp;rdquo; November 17; &lt;a href="http://alsblog.wordpress.com/2008/11/17/fractional-reserve-banking/"&gt;http://alsblog.wordpress.com/2008/11/17/fractional-reserve-banking/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Davidson, Laura. &amp;ldquo;Fractional Reserve Banking Is Indeed Fraudulent,&amp;rdquo; November 17;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.lewrockwell.com/orig9/davidson-l1.html"&gt;http://www.lewrockwell.com/orig9/davidson-l1.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Hoppe, Hans-Hermann, with Guido Hulsmann and Walter Block. 1998. &amp;quot;Against Fiduciary Media,&amp;quot; Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 19-50, &lt;a href="http://www.mises.org/journals/qjae/pdf/qjae1_1_2.pdf"&gt;http://www.mises.org/journals/qjae/pdf/qjae1_1_2.pdf&lt;/a&gt;;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Hoppe, Hans-Hermann. 1994. &amp;quot;How is Fiat Money Possible? or, The Devolution of Money and Credit,&amp;quot; Review of Austrian Economics, 7(2), pp. 49-74.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Hulsmann, Jorg Guido. 2000. &amp;quot;Banks Cannot Create Money&amp;quot;, The Independent Review: A Journal of Political Economy, vol. 5, no. 1, summer, 101&amp;mdash;110;&amp;nbsp; &lt;a href="http://www.independent.org/pdf/tir/tir_05_1_hulsman.pdf"&gt;http://www.independent.org/pdf/tir/tir_05_1_hulsman.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Hulsmann, Jorg Guido. 2002a. &amp;ldquo;Free Banking and the Free Bankers.&amp;rdquo; Review of Austrian Economics. Vol. 9, No. 1. pp. 3-53; &lt;a href="http://www.mises.org/journals/rae/pdf/rae9_1_1.pdf"&gt;http://www.mises.org/journals/rae/pdf/rae9_1_1.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Hulsmann, Jorg Guido. 2002b. &amp;ldquo;Free Banking Fractional Reserves: Reply to Pascal Salin.&amp;rdquo; Review of Austrian Economics, Vol. 1, No. 3.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.mises.org/journals/qjae/pdf/qjae1_3_8.pdf"&gt;http://www.mises.org/journals/qjae/pdf/qjae1_3_8.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Hulsmann, Jorg Guido. 2003. &amp;quot;Has Fractional-Reserve Banking Really Passed the Market Test?,&amp;quot; Independent Review 7/3, Winter, 399-422.&amp;nbsp; &lt;a href="http://www.independent.org/publications/tir/article.asp?a=90"&gt;http://www.independent.org/publications/tir/article.asp?a=90&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Rothbard, Murray N. 1962. &amp;quot;The Case for a 100 Percent Gold Dollar,&amp;quot; In Search of a Monetary Constitution, Leland B. Yeager, ed., Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, pp. 94-136, and Auburn, AL: Ludwig von Mises Institute, 1991. See also &amp;quot;The Logic of Action One&amp;quot; pp. 364-384; &lt;a href="http://mises.org/story/1829"&gt;http://mises.org/story/1829&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Rothbard, Murray N. What Has Government Done to Our Money?, Auburn, AL: Ludwig von Mises Institute, 1990; &lt;a href="http://www.mises.org/rothbard/rothmoney.pdf"&gt;http://www.mises.org/rothbard/rothmoney.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;de Soto, Jes&amp;uacute;s Huerta. 1995. &amp;quot;A Critical Analysis of Central Banks and Fractional-Reserve Free Banking from the Austrian Perspective,&amp;quot; Review of Austrian Economics, 8(2), pp. 25-38.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;de Soto, Jesus Huerta. 2001. &amp;quot;A Critical Note on Fractional Reserve Free Banking,&amp;quot; The Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics, Vol. 1, No. 4, Fall, pp. 34-35&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;II. pro frb:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Sechrest, 1987, 1989a, 1989b, 1991a, 1991b, 1993, 2007; Selgin, 1994, 1998, 2007a, 2007b, 2007c; Selgin and White, 1996; White, 1992, 1995, 1999, 2003, 2007a, 2007b, 2007c&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Sechrest, Larry. 1987. &amp;ldquo;White&amp;rsquo;s Free Banking Thesis: A Case of Mistaken Identity,&amp;rdquo; Review of Austrian Economics, November, Vol. II, 247-57.&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Sechrest, Larry. 1989a. Review of George Selgin&amp;rsquo;s The Theory of Free Banking, Journal of Economics, Vol. XV, 196-98. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Sechrest, Larry. 1989b. &amp;ldquo;Free Banking vs. Central Banking: A Geometrical Analysis,&amp;rdquo; South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, November, Vol. II, 83-97.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Sechrest, Larry. 1991a. &amp;ldquo;Free Banking in Scotland: A Dissenting View,&amp;rdquo; Cato Journal, Winter, Vol. 10, No. 3, 799-808. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Sechrest, Larry. 1991b. &amp;ldquo;Banking, Central and Free&amp;rdquo;, pages 145-51, Magill&amp;rsquo;s Survey of Social Science: Economics, Salem Press. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Sechrest, Larry. 1993. Free Banking: Theory, History, and a Laissez-Faire Model, Westport, Connecticut: Quorum Books, 1993. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Sechrest, Larry. 2007. &amp;ldquo;Free Banking Basics,&amp;rdquo; The Free Radical, July/August, Vol. 76, 40-41. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Selgin, George. 1994. &amp;ldquo;Free Banking and Monetary Control.&amp;rdquo;&amp;nbsp; Economic Journal 104: 1449-59. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Selgin, George. 1998. The Theory of Free Banking: Money Supply under Competitive Note Issue.&amp;nbsp; Totowa, New Jersey:&amp;nbsp; Rowman &amp;amp; Littlefield&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Selgin, George. 2000. &amp;ldquo;Should We Let Banks Create Money?&amp;rdquo; The Independent Review, v.V, n.1, Summer, pp. 93&amp;ndash;100&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Selgin, George. 2007a. &amp;ldquo;Is fractional-reserve banking inflationary?&amp;rdquo; January 23. Free Market News Network;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.fmnn.com/Analysis/241/6794/banking.asp?nid=6794&amp;amp;wid=241"&gt;http://www.fmnn.com/Analysis/241/6794/banking.asp?nid=6794&amp;amp;wid=241&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Selgin, George. 2007b. &amp;ldquo;Notes on free banking: fractional reserves and economic development, part I&amp;rdquo; February 14. Free Market News Network; &lt;a href="http://www.fmnn.com/Analysis/241/6939/notes.asp?nid=6939&amp;amp;wid=241"&gt;http://www.fmnn.com/Analysis/241/6939/notes.asp?nid=6939&amp;amp;wid=241&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Selgin, George. 2007c. &amp;ldquo;Notes on free banking: fractional reserves and economic development, part II&amp;rdquo; February 15. Free Market News Network; &lt;a href="http://www.fmnn.com/Analysis/241/6949/notes.asp?nid=6949&amp;amp;wid=241"&gt;http://www.fmnn.com/Analysis/241/6949/notes.asp?nid=6949&amp;amp;wid=241&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Selgin, George A., and White, Lawrence H., 1996, &amp;ldquo;In Defense of Fiduciary Media - or, We are Not Devo(lutionists), We are Misesians!,&amp;rdquo; Review of Austrian Economics, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 83-107; &lt;a href="http://mises.org/journals/rae/pdf/rae9_2_5.pdf"&gt;http://mises.org/journals/rae/pdf/rae9_2_5.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;White, Lawrence H. 1992. Competition and Currency: Essays on Free Banking and Money. New York: New York University Press&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;White, Lawrence H. 1995. Free Banking in Britain: Theory, Experience, and Debate, 1800-1845, 2nd ed. London: Institute of Economic Affairs&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;White, Lawrence H. 1999. The Theory of Monetary Institutions. Oxford: Basil Blackwell&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;White, Lawrence H. 2003.&amp;nbsp; &amp;quot;Accounting for Fractional-Reserve Banknotes and Deposits,&amp;quot; Independent Review 7/3, Winter, 423-41.&amp;nbsp; &lt;a href="http://www.independent.org/publications/tir/article.asp?a=91"&gt;http://www.independent.org/publications/tir/article.asp?a=91&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;White, Lawrence H. 2007a. &amp;quot;Huerta de Soto&amp;#39;s Case Against Fractional Reserves,&amp;quot; Free-Market News Network (08 Jan) &lt;a href="http://www.freemarketnews.com/Analysis/240/6709/case.asp?wid=240&amp;amp;nid=6709"&gt;http://www.freemarketnews.com/Analysis/240/6709/case.asp?wid=240&amp;amp;nid=6709&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;White, Lawrence H. 2007b.&amp;nbsp; &amp;quot;Huerta de Soto&amp;#39;s View of the History of Banking,&amp;quot; Free-Market News Network (30 Jan) &lt;a href="http://www.freemarketnews.com/Analysis/240/6827/soto.asp?wid=240&amp;amp;nid=6827"&gt;http://www.freemarketnews.com/Analysis/240/6827/soto.asp?wid=240&amp;amp;nid=6827&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;White, Lawrence H. 2007c. &amp;quot;Huerta de Soto on Attempts to Justify Fractional-Reserve Banking,&amp;quot; Free-Market News Network (05 Feb) &lt;a href="http://www.freemarketnews.com/Analysis/240/6877/soto.asp?wid=240&amp;amp;nid=6877"&gt;http://www.freemarketnews.com/Analysis/240/6877/soto.asp?wid=240&amp;amp;nid=6877&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;III. Ambivalent. These are of interest but there is some question as to on which side they lie: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Callahan, 2003; van den Hauwe, 2006, 2008;&amp;nbsp; Williams, 1984.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Callahan, Gene. 2003. &amp;ldquo;The Libertarian Case Against Fractional-Reserve Banking,&amp;rdquo; Anti-State.com, July 22&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;van den Hauwe, Ludwig. 2006. &amp;ldquo;The Uneasy Case for Fractional-Reserve Free Banking, Procesos de Mercado, Vol. III, No. 2, pp143-96;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;van den Hauwe, Ludwig. 2008, forthcoming. &amp;ldquo;Credit Expansion, the Prisoner&amp;acute;s Dilemma, and Free Banking as Mechanism Design, Procesos de Mercado,&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Williams, Jeffrey C. 1984. &amp;quot;Fractional Reserve Banking in Grain,&amp;quot; Journal of Money Credit and Banking. 16 (4): pp. 488-496&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Larry White and I disagree as to how to categorize these, so, at his suggestion, I&amp;rsquo;m creating a third or &amp;ldquo;ambivalent&amp;rdquo; section&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="clear:both;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: Bibliography on Fractional Reserve Banking</title><link>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/139200.aspx</link><pubDate>Sun, 03 May 2009 05:26:45 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">944abf2b-d1be-4bf2-990d-438cb0e377e9:139200</guid><dc:creator>Sage</dc:creator><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><comments>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/139200.aspx</comments><wfw:commentRss>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/commentrss.aspx?SectionID=5&amp;PostID=139200</wfw:commentRss><description>&lt;p&gt;To the pro-FRB side, this post by Roderick Long should be added: &lt;a target="_blank" href="http://praxeology.net/unblog01-06.htm#13"&gt;&amp;quot;Platonic Bailments&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;He argues that the distinction made by Rothbardians between loan contracts and bailment (warehouse) contracts is a false dichotomy, and hence it is possible to have a demandable loan contract. This solves the conflicting rights problem.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="clear:both;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: Bibliography on Fractional Reserve Banking</title><link>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/69834.aspx</link><pubDate>Sun, 07 Dec 2008 13:21:55 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">944abf2b-d1be-4bf2-990d-438cb0e377e9:69834</guid><dc:creator>martinf</dc:creator><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><comments>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/69834.aspx</comments><wfw:commentRss>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/commentrss.aspx?SectionID=5&amp;PostID=69834</wfw:commentRss><description>&lt;p&gt;More on this, but in Spanish:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.juandemariana.org/comentario/1523/viabilidad/reserva/fraccionaria/"&gt;http://www.juandemariana.org/comentario/1523/viabilidad/reserva/fraccionaria/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="clear:both;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: Bibliography on Fractional Reserve Banking</title><link>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/69452.aspx</link><pubDate>Fri, 05 Dec 2008 20:18:53 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">944abf2b-d1be-4bf2-990d-438cb0e377e9:69452</guid><dc:creator>Jon Irenicus</dc:creator><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><comments>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/69452.aspx</comments><wfw:commentRss>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/commentrss.aspx?SectionID=5&amp;PostID=69452</wfw:commentRss><description>&lt;p&gt;Thanks. I am considering doing a dissertation on this next year, so this is helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="clear:both;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description></item><item><title>Bibliography on Fractional Reserve Banking</title><link>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/69448.aspx</link><pubDate>Fri, 05 Dec 2008 20:12:51 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">944abf2b-d1be-4bf2-990d-438cb0e377e9:69448</guid><dc:creator>jtucker</dc:creator><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><comments>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/thread/69448.aspx</comments><wfw:commentRss>https://archive.freecapitalists.org:443/forums/commentrss.aspx?SectionID=5&amp;PostID=69448</wfw:commentRss><description>&lt;p&gt;From Walter Block (if someone wants to reformat and post, great) &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:white;"&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Fractional Reserve Banking::&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;I. Anti Fractional reserve banking frb::&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Barnett
and Block, 2005, 2008; Block, 2008; Block and Caplan, 2008; Block and
Garschina, 1996; Block and Humphries, 2008; Block and Posner, 2008;
Davidson, 2008; Hoppe, et. al. 1998; Hoppe, 1994; Hulsmann, 2000,
2002a, 2002b, 2003; Rothbard, 1962; de Soto, 1995, 2001&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Barnett,
William II and Walter Block. 2005. &amp;ldquo;In defense of fiduciary media&amp;mdash; a
comment; or, what&amp;rsquo;s wrong with &amp;ldquo;clown&amp;rdquo; or play money?&amp;rdquo; &lt;i&gt;Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics&lt;/i&gt;; Vol. 8, No. 2, Summer, pp. 55-69; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a target="_blank"&gt;http://mises.org/journals/qjae/pdf/qjae8_2_4.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Barnett, William and Walter Block. 2008. &amp;ldquo;Time deposits, dimensions and fraud,&amp;rdquo; &lt;i&gt;Journal of Business Ethics; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a title="blocked::http://www.walterblock.com/publications" href="http://www.walterblock.com/publications" target="_blank"&gt;www.WalterBlock.com/publications&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;
(this one is more radical, in that is characterizes even some time
deposit practices, not merely demand deposit practices, as fraudulent)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;Block, Walter and Bryan Caplan. 2008. &amp;ldquo;Walter Block versus Bryan Caplan on Fractional Reserve Banking.&amp;rdquo; Nov 1;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:x-small;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.lewrockwell.com/block/block110.html" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.lewrockwell.com/block/block110.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Block,
Walter and Garschina, Kenneth M. 1996. &amp;quot;Hayek, Business Cycles and
Fractional Reserve Banking: Continuing the De-Homoginization Process,&amp;quot; &lt;i&gt;Review of Austrian Economics&lt;/i&gt;, Vol. 9, No. 1, 1995, pp. 77-94; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.mises.org/journals/rae/pdf/rae9_1_3.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.mises.org/journals/rae/pdf/rae9_1_3.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Block, Walter. 2008. &amp;ldquo;Is Fractional Reserve Banking Fraudulent?, rejoinder to Eric Posner,&amp;rdquo; November 6; &lt;a href="http://www.lewrockwell.com/block/block111.html" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.lewrockwell.com/block/block111.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Block, Walter. 2008. &amp;ldquo;Posner vs. Block on fractional reserve banking.&amp;rdquo; November, 29;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.lewrockwell.com/block/block114.html" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10pt;"&gt;http://www.lewrockwell.com/block/block114.html&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Block, Walter and John Humphries. 2008. &amp;ldquo;Humphries vs Block on fractional reserve banking.&amp;rdquo; November 17; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://141.164.133.3/exchweb/bin/redir.asp?URL=http://alsblog.wordpress.com/2008/11/17/fractional-reserve-banking/" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;http://alsblog.wordpress.com/2008/11/17/fractional-reserve-banking/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Davidson, Laura. &amp;ldquo;Fractional Reserve Banking Is Indeed&amp;nbsp;Fraudulent,&amp;rdquo; November 17;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.lewrockwell.com/orig9/davidson-l1.html" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.lewrockwell.com/orig9/davidson-l1.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Hoppe, Hans-Hermann, with Guido Hulsmann and Walter Block. 1998. &amp;quot;Against Fiduciary Media,&amp;quot; &lt;i&gt;Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics&lt;/i&gt;, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 19-50, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.mises.org/journals/qjae/pdf/qjae1_1_2.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="color:windowtext;"&gt;http://www.mises.org/journals/qjae/pdf/qjae1_1_2.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;color:black;"&gt;Hoppe, Hans-Hermann. 1994. &amp;quot;&lt;a href="http://www.qjae.org/journals/rae/pdf/R72_3.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="color:black;text-decoration:none;"&gt;How is Fiat Money Possible? or, The Devolution of Money and Credit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&amp;quot; &lt;i&gt;Review of Austrian Economics&lt;/i&gt;, 7(2), pp. 49-74.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;vertical-align:baseline;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Hulsmann, Jorg Guido. 2000. &amp;quot;Banks Cannot Create Money&amp;quot;, &lt;i&gt;The Independent Review: A Journal of Political Economy&lt;/i&gt;, vol. 5, no. 1, summer, 101&amp;mdash;110;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://141.164.133.3/exchweb/bin/redir.asp?URL=http://www.independent.org/pdf/tir/tir_05_1_hulsman.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.independent.org/pdf/tir/tir_05_1_hulsman.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;vertical-align:baseline;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Hulsmann, Jorg Guido. 2002a. &amp;ldquo;Free Banking and the Free Bankers.&amp;rdquo; &lt;i&gt;Review of Austrian Economics.&lt;/i&gt; Vol. 9, No. 1. pp. 3-53; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.mises.org/journals/rae/pdf/rae9_1_1.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.mises.org/journals/rae/pdf/rae9_1_1.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Hulsmann, Jorg Guido. 2002b. &amp;ldquo;Free Banking Fractional Reserves: Reply to Pascal Salin.&amp;rdquo; &lt;i&gt;Review of Austrian Economics&lt;/i&gt;, Vol. 1, No. 3.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.mises.org/journals/qjae/pdf/qjae1_3_8.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.mises.org/journals/qjae/pdf/qjae1_3_8.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Hulsmann,
Jorg Guido. 2003. &amp;quot;Has Fractional-Reserve Banking Really Passed the
Market Test?,&amp;quot; Independent Review 7/3, Winter, 399-422.&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.independent.org/publications/tir/article.asp?a=90" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.independent.org/publications/tir/article.asp?a=90&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;color:black;"&gt;Rothbard, Murray N. 1962. &amp;quot;The Case for a 100 Percent Gold Dollar,&amp;quot;&lt;i&gt; In Search of a Monetary Constitution&lt;/i&gt;,
Leland B. Yeager, ed., Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, pp.
94-136, and Auburn, AL: Ludwig von Mises Institute, 1991. See also &amp;quot;The
Logic of Action One&amp;quot; pp. 364-384; &lt;a target="_blank"&gt;http://mises.org/story/1829&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;color:black;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Rothbard, Murray N.&lt;i&gt;&amp;nbsp;What Has Government Done to Our Money?&lt;/i&gt;, Auburn, AL: Ludwig von Mises Institute, 1990;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.mises.org/rothbard/rothmoney.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="color:black;text-decoration:none;"&gt;http://www.mises.org/rothbard/rothmoney.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="color:black;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;color:black;"&gt;de Soto&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;color:black;"&gt;, Jes&amp;uacute;s Huerta. 1995. &amp;quot;&lt;a href="http://www.qjae.org/journals/rae/pdf/R82_2.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="color:black;text-decoration:none;"&gt;A Critical Analysis of Central Banks and Fractional-Reserve Free Banking from the Austrian Perspective&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&amp;quot;&lt;i&gt; Review of Austrian Economics&lt;/i&gt;, 8(2), pp. 25-38.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;color:black;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;de Soto&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;, Jesus Huerta. 2001. &amp;quot;A Critical Note on Fractional Reserve Free Banking,&amp;quot; &lt;i&gt;The Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics&lt;/i&gt;, Vol. 1, No. 4, Fall, pp. 34-35&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;II. pro frb:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Sechrest,
1987, 1989a, 1989b, 1991a, 1991b, 1993, 2007; Selgin, 1994, 1998,
2007a, 2007b, 2007c; Selgin and White, 1996; White, 1992, 1995, 1999,
2003, 2007a, 2007b, 2007c&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Sechrest, Larry. 1987. &amp;ldquo;White&amp;rsquo;s Free Banking Thesis: A Case of Mistaken Identity,&amp;rdquo; &lt;i&gt;Review of Austrian Economics&lt;/i&gt;, November, Vol. II, 247-57.&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Sechrest, Larry. 1989a. Review of George Selgin&amp;rsquo;s &lt;i&gt;The Theory of Free Banking&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Journal of Economics&lt;/i&gt;, Vol. XV, 196-98. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Sechrest, Larry. 1989b. &amp;ldquo;Free Banking vs. Central Banking: A Geometrical Analysis,&amp;rdquo; &lt;i&gt;South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences&lt;/i&gt;, November, Vol. II, 83-97.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Sechrest, Larry. 1991a. &amp;ldquo;Free Banking in Scotland: A Dissenting View,&amp;rdquo; &lt;i&gt;Cato Journal,&lt;/i&gt; Winter, Vol. 10, No. 3, 799-808. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Sechrest, Larry. 1991b. &amp;ldquo;Banking, Central and Free&amp;rdquo;, pages 145-51, &lt;i&gt;Magill&amp;rsquo;s Survey of Social Science: Economics&lt;/i&gt;, Salem Press. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Sechrest, Larry. 1993.&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Free Banking: Theory, History, and a Laissez-Faire Model&lt;/i&gt;, Westport, Connecticut: Quorum Books, 1993. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;Sechrest, Larry. 2007. &amp;ldquo;Free Banking Basics,&amp;rdquo; &lt;i&gt;The Free Radical&lt;/i&gt;, July/August, Vol. 76, 40-41.&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Selgin, George. 1994. &amp;ldquo;Free Banking and Monetary Control.&amp;rdquo;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Economic Journal&lt;/i&gt; 104: 1449-59. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Selgin, George. 1998. &lt;i&gt;The Theory of Free Banking: Money Supply under Competitive Note Issue&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Totowa, New Jersey:&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Rowman &amp;amp; Littlefield&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Selgin, George. 2000. &amp;ldquo;&lt;span style="color:black;"&gt;Should We Let Banks Create Money?&lt;/span&gt;&amp;rdquo; &lt;i&gt;The Independent Review&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;, v.V, n.1, Summer, pp. 93&amp;ndash;100&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Selgin, George. 2007a. &amp;ldquo;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:normal;font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;Is fractional-reserve banking inflationary?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;rdquo;&lt;/b&gt; January 23. &lt;i&gt;Free Market News Network;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.fmnn.com/Analysis/241/6794/banking.asp?nid=6794&amp;amp;wid=241" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;"&gt;http://www.fmnn.com/Analysis/241/6794/banking.asp?nid=6794&amp;amp;wid=241&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Selgin, George. 2007b. &amp;ldquo;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:normal;font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;Notes on free banking: fractional reserves and economic development, part I&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;rdquo; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;February 14. &lt;i&gt;Free Market News Network; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.fmnn.com/Analysis/241/6939/notes.asp?nid=6939&amp;amp;wid=241" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.fmnn.com/Analysis/241/6939/notes.asp?nid=6939&amp;amp;wid=241&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Selgin, George. 2007c. &lt;b&gt;&amp;ldquo;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:normal;font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;Notes on free banking: fractional reserves and economic development, part II&amp;rdquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;February 15. &lt;i&gt;Free Market News Network; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.fmnn.com/Analysis/241/6949/notes.asp?nid=6949&amp;amp;wid=241" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.fmnn.com/Analysis/241/6949/notes.asp?nid=6949&amp;amp;wid=241&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Selgin, George A., and White, Lawrence H., 1996, &amp;ldquo;In Defense of Fiduciary Media - or, We are &lt;i&gt;Not&lt;/i&gt; Devo(lutionists), We are Misesians!,&amp;rdquo; &lt;i&gt;Review of Austrian Economics,&lt;/i&gt; Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 83-107; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a target="_blank"&gt;http://mises.org/journals/rae/pdf/rae9_2_5.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;White, Lawrence H. 1992.&lt;i&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.cato.org/cgi-bin/Web_store/web_store.cgi?page=competit.html&amp;amp;cart_id=" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;"&gt;Competition and Currency: Essays on Free Banking and Money&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;. New York: New York University Press&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;White, Lawrence H. 1995.&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.umsl.edu/%7Ewhitelh/fbb.html" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;"&gt;Free Banking in Britain: Theory, Experience, and Debate, 1800-1845&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;"&gt;, 2nd ed.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; London: &lt;a href="http://www.iea.org.uk/" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;"&gt;Institute of Economic Affairs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;White, Lawrence H. 1999.&lt;i&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.umsl.edu/%7Ewhitelh/tmi.html" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;"&gt;The Theory of Monetary Institutions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;. Oxford: &lt;a href="http://www.blackwellpublishers.co.uk/asp/book.asp?ref=1557862362" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;"&gt;Basil Blackwell&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:&amp;#39;Courier New&amp;#39;;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;font-size:x-small;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;White, Lawrence H. 2003.&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&amp;quot;Accounting for Fractional-Reserve Banknotes and Deposits,&amp;quot; Independent Review 7/3, Winter, 423-41.&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.independent.org/publications/tir/article.asp?a=91" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.independent.org/publications/tir/article.asp?a=91&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;White, Lawrence H. 2007a. &amp;quot;Huerta de Soto&amp;#39;s Case Against Fractional Reserves,&amp;quot; Free-Market News Network (08 Jan) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.freemarketnews.com/Analysis/240/6709/case.asp?wid=240&amp;amp;nid=6709" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.freemarketnews.com/Analysis/240/6709/case.asp?wid=240&amp;amp;nid=6709&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;White, Lawrence H. 2007b.&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&amp;quot;Huerta de Soto&amp;#39;s View of the History of Banking,&amp;quot; Free-Market News Network (30 Jan) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.freemarketnews.com/Analysis/240/6827/soto.asp?wid=240&amp;amp;nid=6827" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.freemarketnews.com/Analysis/240/6827/soto.asp?wid=240&amp;amp;nid=6827&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;White, Lawrence H. 2007c. &amp;quot;Huerta de Soto on Attempts to Justify Fractional-Reserve Banking,&amp;quot; Free-Market News Network (05 Feb) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.freemarketnews.com/Analysis/240/6877/soto.asp?wid=240&amp;amp;nid=6877" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.freemarketnews.com/Analysis/240/6877/soto.asp?wid=240&amp;amp;nid=6877&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:&amp;#39;Times New Roman&amp;#39;;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;III. Ambivalent. These are of interest but there is some question as to on which side they lie: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Callahan, 2003; van den Hauwe, 2006, 2008;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Williams, 1984.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Callahan, Gene. 2003. &amp;ldquo;The Libertarian Case Against Fractional-Reserve Banking,&amp;rdquo; Anti-State.com, July 22&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;van den Hauwe, Ludwig. 2006. &amp;ldquo;The Uneasy Case for Fractional-Reserve Free Banking, &lt;i&gt;Procesos de Mercado&lt;/i&gt;, Vol. III, No. 2, pp143-96;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;van den Hauwe, Ludwig. 2008, forthcoming. &amp;ldquo;Credit Expansion, the Prisoner&amp;acute;s Dilemma, and Free Banking as Mechanism Design, &lt;i&gt;Procesos de Mercado&lt;/i&gt;,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Williams, Jeffrey C. 1984. &amp;quot;Fractional Reserve Banking in Grain,&amp;quot; Journal of Money Credit and Banking. 16 (4): pp. 488-496&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#000000;"&gt;Larry White and I disagree as to how to categorize these, so, at his suggestion, I&amp;rsquo;m creating a third or &amp;ldquo;ambivalent&amp;rdquo; section&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="clear:both;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description></item></channel></rss>